The Quend high yield strength steels plates are delivered with a yield strength of 700 MPa (Quend 700), 900 MPa (Quend 900) and 960 MPa (Quend 960), with thicknesses ranging from 4 mm to 64 mm and widths from 1,500 to 3,100 mm.
They are designed for lifting and hoisting equipment, truck chassis, handling equipment, trailers, and other applications where high structural strength is of critical importance.
Description and applications Quend is extra high yield strengthstructural steel obtained as a result of quenching and subsequent tempering with minimum yield strength of 700 MPa, 900 MPa & 960 MPa. Quend complies with S690QL, S890QL, S960QL requirements given in the EN 10025-6 standard, where a minimum impact toughness of 27 J is guaranteed at -40°C.
Quend is recommended for the following applications:
The following Quend product mix is currently available:
| Thickness mm | Width | |
|---|---|---|
| Quend 700 | 4–64 mm | |
| Quend 900 | 4–35 mm | 1,500–3,100 mm |
| Quend 960 | 4–30 mm |
Tensile properties
| Laddle Analysis,%max | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yield strength, Rp 0,2 | Tensile strength, Rm | Elongation, A5 | ||||||||
| Quend 700 | 700 MPa min. | 780–930 MPa | 14% min. | |||||||
| Quend 900 | 900 MPa min. | 940–1,100 MPa | 14% min. | |||||||
| Quend 960 | 960 MPa min | 980–1,150 MPa | 12% min. | |||||||
Impact toughness
| Laddle Analysis,%max | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yield strength, Rp 0,2 | Tensile strength, Rm | Elongation, A5 | ||||||||
| Quend 700 | 700 MPa min. | 780–930 MPa | 14% min. | |||||||
| Quend 900 | 900 MPa min. | 940–1,100 MPa | 14% min. | |||||||
| Quend 960 | 960 MPa min | 980–1,150 MPa | 12% min. | |||||||
Transverse testing according to EN 10025, option 30. For plate thickness <12 mm subsized Charpy V specimen are used.
Steel is grain refined
| Ladle analysis, % (max.) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | Cr | V | Ti | Ni | Al | Mo | N | B |
| Quend 700 | 0.20 | 0.60 | 1.50 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.60 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 1.00 | 0.07 | 0.50 | 0.014 | 0.005 |
| Quend 900 | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.50 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.70 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 1.50 | 0.06 | 0.70 | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Quend 960 | 0.20 | 0.50 | 1.50 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.70 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 1.50 | 0.06 | 0.70 | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Carbon equivalent, typical values, % | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plate thickness | CEV(1) | CET(2) | |||||||||||
| Quend 700 | 4–15 mm | 0.45 | 0.29 | ||||||||||
| Quend 700 | 15.01–25 mm | 0.44 | 0.30 | ||||||||||
| Quend 700 | 25.01–40 mm | 0.45 | 0.30 | ||||||||||
| Quend 700 | 40.01–64 mm | 0.54 | 0.33 | ||||||||||
| Quend 900 | 4–30 mm | 0.57 | 0.36 | ||||||||||
| Quend 960 | 4–30 mm | 0.57 | 0.36 | ||||||||||
Quend offers a unique combination of excellent flatness, tight thickness tolerances and superior surface finish.
| Grade | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Quend 700 | Quend 900 | Quend 960 | |||||||||||
| Flatness | EN 10029: class N (standard) and class S | |||||||||||||
| Thickness tolerance | Meet and exceed EN 10029. Tighter tolerances upon request |
|||||||||||||
| Shape, length, width and thickness tolerances | Comply with EN 10029 | |||||||||||||
| Surface properties | Exceed existing market standards EN 10163-2 Class B3 | |||||||||||||
Quend steels obtain their properties through quenching with subsequent tempering. For these properties to be retained, Quend plates should not be used in applications requiring heat treatment or service temperatures above 550°C.
Ultrasonic testing (UT) is used to identify such discontinuities as inclusions, cracks and porosity. In thickness from 8 mm and higher, all plates are UT tested and controlled against class S2, E2 in accordance with EN 10160.
To attain optimal processing productivity for Quend steel plates, it is essential to use the recommended procedures and tools given below.
Quend plates can be cut using oxygen, plasma or laser cutting without any restrictions. After cutting, plates should be left to cool down to room temperature. Slow cooling reduces the risk of edge cracking. Never use accelerated cooling.
Quend offers a unique combination of excellent flatness, tight thickness tolerances and superior surface finish.
| Thickness (mm) | Transverse to rolling (R/t) | Longitudinal to rolling (R/t) | Trans. width (W/t) | Long. width (W/t) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quard 700 | t < 8.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 8 | 9 |
| 8 ≤ t < 20 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 8 | 9 | |
| t ≥ 20.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 9 | 10 | |
| Quard 900 | t < 8.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 9 | 10 |
| 8 ≤ t < 20 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 9 | 10 | |
| t ≥ 20.0 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 10 | 12 | |
| Quard 960 | t < 8.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 9 | 10 |
| 8 ≤ t < 20 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 9 | 10 | |
| t ≥ 20.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 9 | 10 |
Due to the homogeneous properties and narrow thickness tolerances of Quend steel plates, variations in springback is kept at a low level. Grinding of flame cut or a sheared edge in the bending area is recommended to further prevent cracking during bending.
Quend can be welded using any conventional welding method, both manual and automatic.
In the thickness range of up to12 mm, no preheating is required if a heat input of 1.7 kJ/mm is used.
It is recommended to weld Quend plates at ambient temperatures of no lower than +5°С. After welding, the welded parts should be left to cool down to room temperature. Never use accelerated cooling. It is recommended to use only low hydrogen electrodes when welding Quend.
Quend has superior machinability and can be drilled, counter sinked and milled in the same way as any other 700, 900,960 Mpa, or S 690 QL, S 890 QL, S 960 QL Q&T steels.